Jujube trees belong to the Rhamnaceae family and are highly adaptable to different soil types, thriving in warm and sunny conditions. The fruit, known as jujube, is a type of drupe that can be eaten fresh or processed into products like red dates, honey dates, jujube puree, wine, and vinegar. Here are some key characteristics of red jujubes:
- Diverse Varieties
There are over 700 jujube varieties listed in the "Chinese Fruit Tree Records." Based on fruit size, jujubes are categorized into small and large varieties. Small jujubes include Jin Si Xiao Zao, Ji Xin Zao, and seedless types, while large ones include Hui Zao, Jun Zao, Ban Zao, and Hu Ping Zao. They can also be classified by shape into long, round, and small jujubes.
Notable Chinese jujube varieties include Hui Zao, Jun Zao, Bei Zao, Jin Si Xiao Zao, and Zan Huang Da Zao.
- Aksu Red Jujube
Originating in Xinjiang, this variety is also known as "Platinum Jade Date." Aksu red jujubes are bright in color, thin-skinned, thick-fleshed, firm, and sweet. They are especially high in vitamin C.
- Xinzheng Large Jujube
Also called Ji Xin Da Zao, this variety hails from Xinzheng in Henan Province and is praised for its sweet flavor. It is recognized as a nourishing fruit that benefits blood health and strengthens the spleen.
- Ruoqiang Gray Jujube
Named for its gray appearance before ripening, Ruoqiang jujubes are also known as Ruoqiang Fragrant Dates and are primarily produced in Ruoqiang County, Xinjiang.
- Hotan Jade Jujube
This variety is grown in southern Xinjiang and is known for its large size, thin skin, and high vitamin C content, which surpasses that of apples. It’s celebrated for its delicious flavor and nutritional benefits, particularly for promoting skin health.
- Jin Si Xiao Zao
Hailing from Cangzhou, this variety has a high sugar content and is rich in vitamins, proteins, fats, phosphorus, and calcium. Cangzhou Jin Si Xiao Zao are bright red, thin-skinned, thick-fleshed, small-seeded, and sweet, making them a highly nutritious tonic.
- Linze Small Jujube
Grown in Linze County, Gansu Province, Linze small jujubes are one of China's top three dried fruits. They have strong adaptability and are commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. They are rich in carbohydrates, proteins, and vitamins, with vitamin C content three to four times higher than that of kiwi.
